U.S. Coast Guard Final Rule on Cybersecurity in the Marine Transportation System (2025)

The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) released its long-awaited Final Rule on Cybersecurity in the Marine Transportation System (MTS), which officially went into effect on July 16, 2025. This regulatory milestone addresses the growing cybersecurity risks faced by the maritime sector, including hacking, ransomware, GPS spoofing, and potential cyber-piracy incidents. With this rule, the USCG aims to align the United States with international maritime security standards, such as SOLAS and the ISPS Code, while also strengthening domestic resilience under the Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA).
π Key Deadlines and Requirements
The final rule outlines a phased approach with three critical compliance dates:
- July 16, 2025 β Immediate Incident Reporting
- All reportable cyber incidents must be immediately submitted to the National Response Center (NRC).
- This ensures timely situational awareness and coordinated responses across government agencies and private operators.
- January 12, 2026 β Mandatory Cybersecurity Training
- All personnel working in the Marine Transportation System must complete cybersecurity awareness and response training under 33 CFR 101.650.
- Training programs are designed to standardize cyber risk understanding among seafarers, port workers, and facility staff.
- July 16, 2027 β Cybersecurity Officer, Assessment, and Plan
- Each operator must designate a Cybersecurity Officer (CySO) responsible for compliance.
- Operators must conduct a Cybersecurity Assessment of their systems, identifying vulnerabilities and resilience gaps.
- A comprehensive Cybersecurity Plan must be submitted to the USCG for review and approval.
β οΈ Enforcement and Consequences
The Coast Guard has made it clear that non-compliance will carry serious penalties. Facilities and vessels that fail to comply may face:
- Deficiency notices
- Detention of vessels
- Denial of port entry
- Captain of the Port (COTP) enforcement actions
These measures underscore the seriousness with which the USCG treats maritime cyber threats. In the post-NotPetya era, where ransomware crippled global shipping operations, regulators now demand proactive defenses to safeguard critical infrastructure.
π Global Alignment and Strategic Value
This final rule does more than just tighten U.S. domestic security. It harmonizes cybersecurity governance with international frameworks, building trust with global partners and ensuring consistency across supply chains. For international operators, compliance with the U.S. standard will also mean readiness for future global regulations under IMOβs Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) and cyber risk management guidelines.
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π μ£Όμ μ΄ν μΌμ
μ΅μ’ κ·μ μ 3λ¨κ³ μΌμ μ λ°λΌ μ μ©λ©λλ€.
- 2025λ
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- 2026λ
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- ν΄μ μ’ μ¬μ, νλ§ κ·Όλ‘μ, μμ€ μΈλ ₯μ 보μ μΈμ μμ€μ νμ€ννλ λͺ©μ μ λλ€.
- 2027λ
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- μμ€ λ° μ λ° μμ€ν μ μ¬μ΄λ²λ³΄μ νκ°λ₯Ό μ€μν΄ μ·¨μ½μ μ λΆμν΄μΌ ν©λλ€.
- μ¬μ΄λ²λ³΄μ κ³νμ μμ±νμ¬ ν΄μκ²½λΉλ μΉμΈμ λ°μμΌ ν©λλ€.
β οΈ λ―Έμ€μ μ μ μ¬ μ‘°μΉ
κ·μ λΆμ΄ν μμλ μ¬κ°ν μ μ¬κ° λ°λ¦ λλ€.
- κ²°ν¨ ν΅λ³΄
- μ λ° μ΅λ₯
- μ ν κ±°λΆ
- νλ§μ₯(COTP)μ μ§ν μ‘°μΉ
μ΄λ κ³Όκ±° κΈλ‘λ² ν΄μ΄μ¬λ€μ΄ NotPetya λμ¬μ¨μ΄ 곡격μΌλ‘ μμ΅ λ¬λ¬ νΌν΄λ₯Ό μ μλ μ¬λ‘λ₯Ό κ΅ν μΌμ, μ¬μ μ λλΉλ₯Ό μ λνν μ‘°μΉμ λλ€.
π κ΅μ μ ν¨μ
μ΄λ² κ·μ μ λ¨μν λ―Έκ΅ λ΄ λ³΄μ κ°νμ κ·ΈμΉμ§ μκ³ , κ΅μ μ νμ€κ³Ό μ‘°νλ₯Ό μ΄λ£¨λ μ λ΅μ κ°μΉλ₯Ό κ°μ§λλ€. μμΌλ‘ IMO μ°¨μμ μμ¨μ΄νμ λ°(MASS) λ° μ¬μ΄λ² 리μ€ν¬ κ΄λ¦¬ μ§μΉ¨κ³Ό μ°κ³λ κ²μ΄λ©°, μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ λ―Έκ΅κ³Ό νλ ₯νλ κΈλ‘λ² ν΄μ΄μ¬ λ° νλ§ μ΄μμλ€λ λλΉν μ μμ΅λλ€.
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